Journal of Petroleum Gas & Chemical Engineering
ISSN: 3069-2075 | DOI: 10.64030/3069-2075
Loso Judijanto
Driven by the urgent need for cleaner aviation fuels, researchers worldwide are exploring renewable sources that reduce carbon emissions while ensuring fuel stability. Used Cooking Oil (UCO) has emerged as a strong contender, offering both high fat content and compatibility with existing fuel production technologies. This research conducts a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to evaluate the potential and scalability of Used Cooking Oil (UCO) as a renewable feedstock in the production of sustainable aviation fuel. A qualitative method was employed, based exclusively on secondary data sourced from peer-reviewed scientific articles published between 2023 and 2025, retrieved from the ScienceDirect database. The review process followed the PRISMA protocol, encompassing identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion phases. Initial results from 2,200 articles were filtered using predefined Boolean keyword combinations, publication year, research type, and access criteria, yielding 36 articles for in-depth synthesis. The analysis employed thematic coding alongside comparative synthesis to uncover consistent patterns emerging across five principal dimensions: technological readiness, environmental performance, economic feasibility, regulatory alignment, and logistical frameworks. Findings indicate that UCO-derived SAF offers up to 90% reduction in lifecycle GHG emissions, competitive production costs with fossil jet fuel under certain policies, and strong compatibility with HEFA-based refining pathways. However, supply chain limitations and regulatory harmonization remain critical challenges. In conclusion, UCO presents substantial potential as a renewable SAF feedstock, particularly in regions with established UCO collection infrastructure. Future research should focus on integrated policy mechanisms, decentralized processing models, and refinements to life-cycle assessment to support broader implementation.