Archives of Humanities & Social Sciences Research
ISSN: 3065-3568 | DOI: 10.64030/3065-3568
Mohammad Toufeeq Shalizi and Kusum Lata Azad
Afghanistan is the origin country of refugees and displaced peoples across the globe. Following the Syria and Iraq in the contemporary era, it has consistently influenced the global migration census since 1980. The outbreak of Afghan people started back in April 1978 after the assassination of Sardar Mohammad Daud Khan the first President of Afghanistan under the Savur revolution and control of political power by the Khalq democratic party in Afghanistan. The socio-political revolution interrupted the daily life of thousands of people belonging to the early government, and enforced them to leave the country toward destination countries to seek international protection. Thus, the massive exodus of Afghan people occurred in several phases toward destination countries during the last four decades. Dispersed emigrants resettled permanently in the destination countries based on relaxed immigration policies or stayed as refugees in transit countries. Similarly, majority of the people confronted economic challenges due to political upheavals shaped in Afghanistan, but the Afghan emigrants resettled in abroad frequently supported their families by sending personal remittances back in Afghanistan to assist them to meet their initial needs. In addition, the state collapse and takeover of the government of Afghanistan by the Taliban regime in 15 august 2021, repeated the vast outflow of Afghan people including high rank officials, elite and professionals, which were evacuated by the international allies of early government toward European countries, north America and Australia under the humanitarian assist program to prevent persecution and provide the safe shelter. Thus, the paper significantly highlights the phases of Afghan movement toward the high-income countries and discusses the Afghan diaspora and their impact on inward of remittances in to Afghanistan. Moreover, the paper deliberately focuses on flow of remittances and how that contributed in strength and growth of economy in Afghanistan. The data used from the latest financial reports of central bank of Afghanistan, Word bank and IMF. Besides, IOM and UNHCR fact sheets and annual reports related to Afghan migration used to enrich the study.