Journal of Petroleum Gas & Chemical Engineering
ISSN: 3069-2075 | DOI: 10.64030/3069-2075
Loso Judijanto
Palm oil has emerged as a critical renewable energy resource due to its high yield, extensive cultivation, and policy support in major producing countries. This research seeks to examine the critical role of palm oil in advancing renewable energy frameworks, focusing on its contributions to energy security, technological advancements, environmental impact, and socioeconomic development. Employing a qualitative literature review approach, this research synthesises findings from over 80 scientific publications and policy documents to provide a comprehensive understanding of the topic. Data collection involved systematic retrieval and screening of peer-reviewed articles, reports, and official statistics primarily from academic databases and institutional repositories. The analysis applied thematic content synthesis to identify key patterns and relationships related to palm oil’s role in renewable energy production, sustainability challenges, and policy frameworks. Results indicate that palm oil significantly contributes to biodiesel production, biogas generation, and biomass power, backed by advancements in technology that boost both energy conversion effectiveness and ecological sustainability. In addition, the sector is instrumental in generating rural employment and driving local economic progress, although issues such as certification barriers and regulatory inconsistencies remain. The findings underscore the necessity of integrated governance and continuous innovation to maximise palm oil’s renewable energy potential while addressing sustainability concerns. In conclusion, palm oil holds a multifaceted strategic position in advancing renewable energy goals, with implications for policy refinement and sectoral development. Future research should focus on improving smallholder inclusion and developing robust sustainability assessment tools to further enhance palm oil’s role in clean energy transitions.