Journal of Theoretical Physics & Mathematics Research
ISSN: 3065-8802 | DOI: 10.64030/3065-8802
Onyinye Angela Ezeakudo and Theresa Nkechi Obiekezie
This study presents a detailed investigation of Solar Quiet day horizontal geomagnetic field variations, Sq (H), observed at Lagos and Ilorin geomagnetic stations during 2008 from September – December. The data obtained was in minute type from Space Research Environment Center (SERC) for the two stations in Nigeria. The solar quiet (Sq) variation was derived through spherical harmonic analysis of hourly values of the horizontal (H) component of the geomagnetic values. Quantitative analysis of diurnal Sq(H) profiles reveals clear daytime enhancements linked to ionospheric dynamo action, with Ilorin station exhibiting highest peak amplitude in the local noon hours around (11:00 – 14:00 LT), with peak amplitudes of about 20–35 nT at Lagos and 40–80 nT at Ilorin. This enhanced amplitude reflects enhanced E-region conductivity and equatorial electrojet activity in Ilorin station. Morphological analysis revealed similar Sq (H) curve patterns for both stations, except for an anomalous irregularity observed at Ilorin in September 2006, possibly caused by local disturbances in the Sq current system. The study concludes that the Sq variation is superimposed on magnetic disturbances of a non-ionospheric origin and also demonstrate strong latitudinal control of Sq(H) over Nigeria and provide insight into equatorial ionospheric electrodynamics during quiet geomagnetic conditions.
The diagram above illustrates the concept of geomagnetic field within the atmosphere, a key compenent of the Earth’s geomagnetic environment. • These curved lines represent magnetic field lines that originate near the South Magnetic Pole and enter near the North Magnetic Pole. • The bright, rainbow-like colors are used to visually emphasize the strength and structure of the geomagnetic field (not actual colors in nature). • The bright, rainbow-like colors are used to visually emphasize the strength and structure of the geomagnetic field (not actual colors in nature). • Earth is shown against a space background, highlighting its interaction with the surrounding space environment. • The glowing arcs extending outward demonstrate the magnetosphere, which protects Earth from charged particles. • The bright region near the Sun’s direction symbolizes the influence of solar wind interacting with Earth’s magnetic field